Kameoka Guide: Discover the Charm of this Historic Castle Town Near Kyoto
Fall Colors at Tamba-Kokubunji Temple in Kameoka
Nestled in the heart of Japan's Kansai region, just 20 km west of Kyoto, lies the charming city of Kameoka. With a population of around 100,000, Kameoka has managed to preserve its rich heritage and allure as a former castle town. This hidden gem boasts numerous historic temples and shrines that remain in pristine condition amidst stunning natural surroundings. For centuries, Kameoka has served as a crucial transportation hub, connecting Kyoto to other regions of Japan. Immerse yourself in the city's fascinating history, visit its top attractions, partake in traditional festivals, and savor the local crafts and cuisine as you explore the delightful town of Kameoka.
History of Kameoka: From Akechi Mitsuhide's Castle Town to Modern City
Kameoka's history dates back to ancient times when it served as an essential gateway to the Kuchi Tamba area. In 794, when Kyoto became Japan's capital, Kameoka's role as a key transport hub for lumber, rice, and other goods between Kyoto, Osaka, and the Sanin region (Yamaguchi, Shimane and Tottori prefectures) was solidified.
During the Tensho era (1573-1586), the renowned samurai Oda Nobunaga's captain, Akechi Mitsuhide, made Kameoka his base and constructed Kameyama Castle, establishing the foundation for the old city that still exists today. In a shocking turn of events, Mitsuhide attacked Nobunaga at Honno-ji Temple in Kyoto with 30,000 men. Outnumbered, the wounded Nobunaga committed seppuku. Mitsuhide briefly declared himself ruler before being defeated by Nobunaga's lieutenant Toyotomi Hideyoshi, earning the moniker "the 13-day shogun".
Kameoka remained a vital entry point to Kyoto, and from 1748 to 1868, the Matsudaira clan governed the city. As part of the Meiji modernization, Kameyama Castle was dismantled in 1878. Kameoka has been home to some of Japan's greatest minds, such as the artist Maruyama Okyo, renowned for his folding screen paintings, and the philosopher Ishida Baigan, considered the father of Japanese moral philosophy.
Top Attractions in Kameoka: Temples, Shrines and Historic Sites to Visit
Kameoka is home to numerous fascinating attractions that showcase its rich history and cultural heritage. Don't miss Anaoji Temple, one of only 21 temples in western Japan authorized to issue amulets in the name of the Bodhisattva Kannon. The temple's wooden Gautama Buddha statue is said to have healing powers. Tamba-Kokubunji Temple, dating back to the late 18th century, is noted for its ancient trees, including a 22m-tall ginkgo.
For a glimpse into Kameoka's samurai past, embark on the Nonbiri Castle Town Historical Walk. This leisurely stroll takes you through the old heart of the city, past the remains of Kameyama Castle and superbly preserved temples and shrines like Kuwayama Jinja, Seirinji Temple, and Kochu-ji. Sports enthusiasts will enjoy the expansive Kameoka Sports Park, which features a huge leisure pool, tennis courts, a gymnasium, and a baseballfield.
Gingko tree at Tamba-Kokubunji Temple, Kameoka
Kameoka Festivals: Celebrating Traditions Throughout the Year
Kameoka hosts numerous festivals throughout the year, each offering a unique glimpse into the city's vibrant traditions. On January 3, Anaoji Temple's Fukutabae involves throwing red pieces of paper among white ones, with the lucky few who catch the red ones believed to receive good fortune. The Kameoka Mitsuhide Festival, held on May 3, pays homage to Akechi Mitsuhide with samurai costume parades.
In August, the Kameoka Peace Festival features lively Obon dances in the city streets, followed by the spectacular Hozugawa River Fireworks Festival. The Saeki Lantern Festival, a harvest celebration at Hiedano Jinja, showcases traditional puppets. The Kameoka Festival in late October, akin to Kyoto's famous Gion Matsuri, involves a procession of large, ornate floats through the city's streets.
Hozugawa River Boat Ride: A Thrilling Journey from Kameoka to Arashiyama
For an unforgettable experience, embark on the Hozugawa Kudari, a fun boat trip down the Hozugawa River from Kameoka to Arashiyama in western Kyoto. This two-hour, 16 km journey along a semi-mountainous river 'canyon' is one of Kyoto's most thrilling attractions. The river channel was opened by Suminokura Ryoi in 1606 during the Edo Period to transport wood for Kyoto's many temples, rice, and other goods.
Today, over 300,000 tourists enjoy this scenic boat ride annually. Each boat accommodates about 15 people and is navigated by skilled boatmen using oars and long bamboo poles. The trip is particularly popular in spring for cherry blossom viewing and in autumn to admire Arashiyama's spectacular autumn leaves. Boats depart hourly from Kameoka from 9 am to 2 pm, with an additional 3:30 pm ride. Fares are ¥4,100 for adults and ¥2,700 for children aged 4 to elementary school. The departure point is a 10-minute walk from JR Kameoka Station.
A Hozu River Boat Cruise with spectacular autumn leaves in Arashiyama
Traditional Crafts and Specialty Foods of Kameoka
Kameoka boasts a rich tradition of craftsmanship and culinary delights. Local artisans create beautiful Bishamon bamboo works, including baskets, flower vases, and cake holders. Kameoka pottery has attracted many young potters from Kyoto seeking new creative outlets. The city's famous handmade soy sauce can be found in supermarkets and specialty shops across Japan.
Kameoka's delicious water and locally grown rice produce some of the best-tasting rice wine in the Kansai area. Tamba Matsutake mushrooms are renowned for their exquisite aroma and flavor, while Tamba chestnuts are enjoyed roasted or used in Japanese cakes and candies.
Where to Stay: Hotel Accommodation Options in Kameoka
As hotel accommodation in Kyoto becomes increasingly scarce, Kameoka offers an attractive alternative for those seeking easy access to Kyoto in a less touristy setting. The Yunohana Onsen area features the Kyo Yunohana Resort Suisen and the Satoyama no Kyujitsu Kyoto Keburikawa, while the Keizankaku Hotel is located east of Kameoka Sports Park.
A Hozu River Boat Cruise from Kameoka to Arashiyama
Getting There: Access to Kameoka from Kyoto by Train and Boat
Kameoka Station is just an 18-30 minute ride from Kyoto Station, costing ¥410. Take the Limited Express to Toyooka in Hyogo or a local train on the JR Sagano Line to Sonobe. For a more scenic journey, opt for the romantic, open-air Torokko train. Eight trains run daily in each direction between Saga-Kameoka Torokko Station and Kameoka Torokko Station-Saga, with fares at ¥620 for adults and ¥310 for children. During high season, advance booking is recommended.
Kameoka, with its rich history, stunning temples and shrines, vibrant festivals, and unique culinary offerings, is a must-visit destination for those seeking an authentic Japanese experience near Kyoto. This charming castle town invites you to immerse yourself in its captivating atmosphere and discover the hidden gems that await just beyond the beaten path.
For more information on Kyoto and its surrounding areas, check out our Kyoto Area Guides and explore other fascinating cities in Japan.
To dive deeper into Kameoka's history and attractions, consider these informative Books on Kyoto Japan.
